Category: Extremes affecting Brazil

Cold spell occuring from January 08 2026 to January 13 2026 at -25.5°S 303.0°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Cold spell

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Argentina
  • Brazil
  • Paraguay
  • Uruguay

Duration: 6 days

Time span: January 08 2026 to January 13 2026

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: -4.0 °C
  • Mean temperature: 22.2 °C
  • Minimum temperature anomaly: -6.4 °C
  • Minimum temperature: 17.4 °C

Event center: -25.5°S 303.0°E

Area affected: 610053 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Cold_spell_2026-Jan-08_to_2026-Jan-13_303.0_-25.5

Cold spell occuring from January 04 2026 to January 06 2026 at -26.5°S 303.0°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Cold spell

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Argentina
  • Brazil
  • Paraguay

Duration: 3 days

Time span: January 04 2026 to January 06 2026

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: -4.6 °C
  • Mean temperature: 23.1 °C
  • Minimum temperature anomaly: -7.1 °C
  • Minimum temperature: 19.6 °C

Event center: -26.5°S 303.0°E

Area affected: 158198 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Cold_spell_2026-Jan-04_to_2026-Jan-06_303.0_-26.5

Cold spell occuring from January 04 2026 to January 06 2026 at -27.5°S 308.0°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Cold spell

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Brazil

Duration: 3 days

Time span: January 04 2026 to January 06 2026

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: -3.7 °C
  • Mean temperature: 19.0 °C
  • Minimum temperature anomaly: -6.2 °C
  • Minimum temperature: 14.6 °C

Event center: -27.5°S 308.0°E

Area affected: 93778 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Cold_spell_2026-Jan-04_to_2026-Jan-06_308.0_-27.5

Cold spell occuring from January 04 2026 to January 07 2026 at -15.5°S 313.0°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Cold spell

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Brazil

Duration: 4 days

Time span: January 04 2026 to January 07 2026

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: -2.6 °C
  • Mean temperature: 22.0 °C
  • Minimum temperature anomaly: -4.6 °C
  • Minimum temperature: 17.0 °C

Event center: -15.5°S 313.0°E

Area affected: 335161 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Cold_spell_2026-Jan-04_to_2026-Jan-07_313.0_-15.5

Cold spell occuring from January 01 2026 to January 09 2026 at -47.5°S 305.0°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Cold spell

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Argentina
  • Brazil
  • Uruguay

Duration: 9 days

Time span: January 01 2026 to January 09 2026

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: -3.4 °C
  • Mean temperature: 13.3 °C
  • Minimum temperature anomaly: -7.8 °C
  • Minimum temperature: 4.7 °C

Event center: -47.5°S 305.0°E

Area affected: 2994297 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Cold_spell_2026-Jan-01_to_2026-Jan-09_305.0_-47.5

Heat wave occuring from December 28 2025 to January 18 2026 at 0.5°N 311.0°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Heat wave

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Brazil

Duration: 22 days

Time span: December 28 2025 to January 18 2026

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: 1.0 °C
  • Mean temperature: 27.1 °C
  • Maximum temperature anomaly: 2.9 °C
  • Maximum temperature: 28.9 °C

Event center: 0.5°N 311.0°E

Area affected: 933208 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Heat_wave_2025-Dec-28_to_2026-Jan-18_311.0_0.5

Heat wave occuring from December 27 2025 to January 03 2026 at -10.0°S 300.0°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Heat wave

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Bolivia, Plurinational State of
  • Brazil

Duration: 8 days

Time span: December 27 2025 to January 03 2026

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: 1.5 °C
  • Mean temperature: 26.9 °C
  • Maximum temperature anomaly: 2.3 °C
  • Maximum temperature: 28.7 °C

Event center: -10.0°S 300.0°E

Area affected: 263978 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Heat_wave_2025-Dec-27_to_2026-Jan-03_300.0_-10.0

Heat wave occuring from December 26 2025 to December 29 2025 at -8.0°S 308.5°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Heat wave

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Brazil

Duration: 4 days

Time span: December 26 2025 to December 29 2025

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: 1.9 °C
  • Mean temperature: 26.8 °C
  • Maximum temperature anomaly: 2.9 °C
  • Maximum temperature: 28.5 °C

Event center: -8.0°S 308.5°E

Area affected: 230016 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Heat_wave_2025-Dec-26_to_2025-Dec-29_308.5_-8.0

Cold spell occuring from December 23 2025 to December 28 2025 at -13.5°S 292.5°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Cold spell

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Bolivia, Plurinational State of
  • Brazil
  • Peru

Duration: 6 days

Time span: December 23 2025 to December 28 2025

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: -2.0 °C
  • Mean temperature: 22.5 °C
  • Minimum temperature anomaly: -3.4 °C
  • Minimum temperature: 4.9 °C

Event center: -13.5°S 292.5°E

Area affected: 577492 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Cold_spell_2025-Dec-23_to_2025-Dec-28_292.5_-13.5

Cold spell occuring from December 22 2025 to December 25 2025 at -9.0°S 324.5°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Cold spell

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Brazil

Duration: 4 days

Time span: December 22 2025 to December 25 2025

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: -1.1 °C
  • Mean temperature: 24.7 °C
  • Minimum temperature anomaly: -1.8 °C
  • Minimum temperature: 22.4 °C

Event center: -9.0°S 324.5°E

Area affected: 58130 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Cold_spell_2025-Dec-22_to_2025-Dec-25_324.5_-9.0