Category: Extremes affecting Madagascar

Cold spell occuring from December 26 2025 to January 04 2026 at -23.5°S 44.0°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Cold spell

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Madagascar
  • Réunion

Duration: 10 days

Time span: December 26 2025 to January 04 2026

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: -2.3 °C
  • Mean temperature: 19.8 °C
  • Minimum temperature anomaly: -5.3 °C
  • Minimum temperature: 8.5 °C

Event center: -23.5°S 44.0°E

Area affected: 3546993 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Cold_spell_2025-Dec-26_to_2026-Jan-04_44.0_-23.5

Heat wave occuring from December 14 2025 to December 19 2025 at -12.5°S 46.5°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Heat wave

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Madagascar

Duration: 6 days

Time span: December 14 2025 to December 19 2025

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: 0.8 °C
  • Mean temperature: 27.7 °C
  • Maximum temperature anomaly: 1.3 °C
  • Maximum temperature: 28.2 °C

Event center: -12.5°S 46.5°E

Area affected: 63406 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Heat_wave_2025-Dec-14_to_2025-Dec-19_46.5_-12.5

Heat wave occuring from December 13 2025 to December 19 2025 at -26.0°S 39.5°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Heat wave

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Madagascar

Duration: 7 days

Time span: December 13 2025 to December 19 2025

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: 1.8 °C
  • Mean temperature: 27.6 °C
  • Maximum temperature anomaly: 4.5 °C
  • Maximum temperature: 31.0 °C

Event center: -26.0°S 39.5°E

Area affected: 159756 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Heat_wave_2025-Dec-13_to_2025-Dec-19_39.5_-26.0

Cold spell occuring from December 12 2025 to December 24 2025 at -17.5°S 48.0°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Cold spell

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Madagascar

Duration: 13 days

Time span: December 12 2025 to December 24 2025

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: -1.4 °C
  • Mean temperature: 23.5 °C
  • Minimum temperature anomaly: -2.6 °C
  • Minimum temperature: 16.4 °C

Event center: -17.5°S 48.0°E

Area affected: 143081 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Cold_spell_2025-Dec-12_to_2025-Dec-24_48.0_-17.5

Heat wave occuring from November 24 2025 to December 17 2025 at -21.0°S 45.5°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Heat wave

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Madagascar

Duration: 24 days

Time span: November 24 2025 to December 17 2025

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: 2.3 °C
  • Mean temperature: 27.6 °C
  • Maximum temperature anomaly: 4.1 °C
  • Maximum temperature: 31.2 °C

Event center: -21.0°S 45.5°E

Area affected: 103830 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Heat_wave_2025-Nov-24_to_2025-Dec-17_45.5_-21.0

Cold spell occuring from November 03 2025 to November 25 2025 at -12.5°S 32.0°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Cold spell

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Angola
  • Botswana
  • Congo, The Democratic Republic of the
  • Madagascar
  • Malawi
  • Mozambique
  • Namibia
  • Tanzania, United Republic of
  • Zambia
  • Zimbabwe

Duration: 23 days

Time span: November 03 2025 to November 25 2025

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: -3.2 °C
  • Mean temperature: 21.9 °C
  • Minimum temperature anomaly: -9.2 °C
  • Minimum temperature: 14.8 °C

Event center: -12.5°S 32.0°E

Area affected: 4313215 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Cold_spell_2025-Nov-03_to_2025-Nov-25_32.0_-12.5

Heat wave occuring from October 20 2025 to November 05 2025 at -19.0°S 45.0°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Heat wave

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Madagascar
  • Mozambique

Duration: 17 days

Time span: October 20 2025 to November 05 2025

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: 2.0 °C
  • Mean temperature: 24.6 °C
  • Maximum temperature anomaly: 5.2 °C
  • Maximum temperature: 31.6 °C

Event center: -19.0°S 45.0°E

Area affected: 1776870 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Heat_wave_2025-Oct-20_to_2025-Nov-05_45.0_-19.0

Cold spell occuring from October 01 2025 to October 06 2025 at -24.0°S 46.5°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Cold spell

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Madagascar

Duration: 6 days

Time span: October 01 2025 to October 06 2025

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: -2.5 °C
  • Mean temperature: 21.5 °C
  • Minimum temperature anomaly: -7.7 °C
  • Minimum temperature: 16.1 °C

Event center: -24.0°S 46.5°E

Area affected: 93941 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Cold_spell_2025-Oct-01_to_2025-Oct-06_46.5_-24.0

Cold spell occuring from August 17 2025 to August 21 2025 at -22.5°S 45.5°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Cold spell

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Madagascar

Duration: 5 days

Time span: August 17 2025 to August 21 2025

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: -2.6 °C
  • Mean temperature: 15.8 °C
  • Minimum temperature anomaly: -4.1 °C
  • Minimum temperature: 10.7 °C

Event center: -22.5°S 45.5°E

Area affected: 76783 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Cold_spell_2025-Aug-17_to_2025-Aug-21_45.5_-22.5

Heat wave occuring from August 10 2025 to August 18 2025 at -17.5°S 46.0°E

Download data: JSON

Event type: Heat wave

Countries affected (identified with ArcGIS Online; provided only for geographical reference):

  • Madagascar

Duration: 9 days

Time span: August 10 2025 to August 18 2025

Statistics over entire affected area:

  • Mean temperature anomaly: 2.1 °C
  • Mean temperature: 22.4 °C
  • Maximum temperature anomaly: 3.6 °C
  • Maximum temperature: 27.8 °C

Event center: -17.5°S 46.0°E

Area affected: 195609 km$^2$


Fig. 1: Map of most extreme temperature anomalies (standardized) experienced during the event. The purple star indicates the center of the extreme event. Green hatching illustrates all areas under the effect of extremes at some time during the event.



Fig. 2: Evolution of temperature at the center of the event. The climatological percentile distribution is illustrated with color shadings.



Fig. 3: Maps illustrating the evolution of standardized temperature anomalies during the event.

Event ID: Heat_wave_2025-Aug-10_to_2025-Aug-18_46.0_-17.5